Notes
1 Patricia Bromley, “The Organizational Transformation of Civil Society,” in The Nonprofit Sector: A Research Handbook, 3rd ed., edited by Walter W. Powell and Patricia Bromley, Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 2020.
2 These are the numbers of organizations categorized as A, B, C, or D in the Yearbook of International Organizations.
3 Margaret Gibelman and Sheldon R. Gelman, “Very Public Scandals: An Analysis of How and Why Nongovernmental Organizations Get in Trouble,” International Society for Third-Sector Research Fourth International Conference, Dublin, July 7, 2000.
4 Alex Daniels, “How Gender Bias Creeps Into Grant Making,” The Chronicle of Philanthropy, June 4, 2019.
5 Joshua Braverman and Ryan Kaitz, “Engaging Our Elders: The Power and Potential of Senior Volunteerism,” Nonprofit Quarterly, February 18, 2021.
6 Patricia Bromley and Charlene D. Orchard, “Managed Morality: The Rise of Professional Codes of Conduct in the US Nonprofit Sector,” Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, April 2015.
7 Shawn Pope et al., “The Pyramid of Nonprofit Responsibility: The Institutionalization of Organizational Responsibility Across Sectors,” Voluntas, September 17, 2018.
8 Jim Rendon, “Low Pay Hurts Nonprofits and Workers. Some Groups Are Fighting Back,” The Chronicle of Philanthropy, September 4, 2019.
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