Up to one million species are now threatened with extinction, marking a rapid and serious decline in the health of the ecosystems we all depend on to survive and thrive. This loss is deeply concerning, as ecosystems also play a vital role in regulating the climate.
Despite this, nature conservation is still only the fifth biggest area for philanthropic giving, with climate change following closely behind. This is on the rise, but we are still falling well short of filling the $700 billion annual financing gap for nature.
In a recent interview with Alliance, philanthropist André Hoffmann shared his views on the limitations of philanthropy. While I agree with many of his points and strongly echo his call for businesses to create more value, I believe that in this planetary emergency we, need more – not less – philanthropic giving, and we need it more urgently than ever before.
I also believe philanthropy is an enabler for the very systems change that Hoffmann and others are calling for.
Philanthropy as a catalyst
At The Nature Conservancy (TNC) we’re increasingly finding that philanthropy can be the catalyst for unlocking additional funding for projects: giving reassurance to larger funders such as private investors and governments, which brings new partners and collaborators on board.
This is the thinking behind Enduring Earth, a collaborative initiative to conserve an area nearly twice the size of India. Through this initiative, TNC works in collaboration with WWF, The Pew Charitable Trusts, and ZOMALAB – using a philanthropic starter fund to secure long-term funding for conservation, economic diversification, and community prosperity in partnership with at least 20 countries worldwide.
The starter fund is critical to our success and we are pleased to have recently attracted what we believe to be the single largest environmental donation ever from a European foundation: $40 million from The Hans Wilsdorf Foundation. To date, partners have conserved nearly 90 million hectares, with plans to mobilise nearly $4 billion in new funding to protect an additional half a billion hectares by the end of the decade.
Philanthropy as a force for change
Philanthropy can also empower and finance Indigenous groups, who are the stewards of 80 percent of the world’s biodiversity, like in Canada’s Great Bear Rainforest. Starting in 2006, TNC supported an effort to secure durable funding for Indigenous stewardship of the forest. This initiative led to an innovative finance agreement among First Nations, British Columbia, Canada, and private funders; and to the creation of Coast Funds, an Indigenous-led conservation finance institution, to manage CAD$120 million for conservation and economic development.
First Nations have leveraged this funding to create more than 100 new businesses, as well as conserving critical habitats for spirit bears, salmon, and centuries-old cedars. This project has since become recognized as the world’s first example of the project finance for permanence (PFP) model, which is now widely deployed by Enduring Earth. Building on this success, First Nations are now developing a Great Bear Sea PFP to fund sustainable management and habitat protection over an area of ocean larger than Maine.
Philanthropy to fill hard-to-plug gaps
Philanthropy can also bridge many funding gaps that traditional financing sources simply cannot. One example is the refinancing of debt through TNC’s Nature Bonds program. Nature Bonds projects benefit people and nature, providing national governments with significant financial savings from debt refinancing in support of conservation and climate commitments that also allow local communities to preserve their livelihoods and traditional ways of living.
Philanthropic support for staff time to conduct the initial conservation planning and execution of a debt conversion can unlock huge sums of funding, often more than 40 times the original amount given.
For instance, the Barbados Blue Bond project, which launched last September in collaboration with the Inter-American Development Bank, unlocked $50 million to help Barbados protect up to 30 percent of its marine ecosystems, improve management for all marine waters within its jurisdiction, and develop a sustainable blue economy plan. The philanthropic support that allowed TNC to conduct the transaction and facilitate the marine planning made this timely achievement possible.
The journey ahead
I’d like to thank André Hoffmann for initiating this conversation on the role of philanthropy. It is clear from the initiatives mentioned here, in his interview, and in the many stories collected by the Environmental Funders Network, that philanthropic funding has made possible projects with substantial, tangible benefits for the planet. This shows that it is not a matter of philanthropy versus systems change, but rather about evolving the role of philanthropy to enable systems change through more sustainable financing models.
He is right to say that ‘philanthropy alone [can’t] change the issues we are addressing,’ but we must continue to champion this vital and valuable form of finance as we push to close the biodiversity finance gap and protect our planet’s future.
Marianne Kleiberg is the Regional Managing Director Europe for The Nature Conservancy
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